The oldest child of C.L. [159] Further concert cancellations followed in the summer[160][161][162] and fall. Arethas mother was a piano player and singer who inspired her daughter. In 1989, Franklin filmed a music video for a remake of "Think". [155], In 2010, Franklin canceled a number of concerts to have surgery for an undisclosed tumor. In 1987 Franklin became the first woman inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. [65] She appeared on the cover of Time magazine in June.[66]. [86][87], In 1995, she was selected to play Aunt Em in the Apollo Theater revival of The Wiz. Franklins Gospel Caravan, that Aretha sometimes sang in. Her parents separated when she was six, and Franklin remained with her father in Detroit. [43][58] Upon hearing her version, Otis Redding said admiringly: "That little girl done took my song away from me. Not much else is known about him, except that he died in 1989 of a heart attack. [11] Both Mr. and Mrs. Franklin had children from prior relationships in addition to the four children they had together. [199] Franklin was the first individual woman to receive a Pulitzer Prize Special Citation. People wont let me out of [Arethas] shadow and I think thats wrong, she once said in an interview. Aretha Franklin (C), her father, Baptist preacher CL (born Clarence LaVaughn) and her sister, fellow singer Erma, in 1971; Photo: Anthony Barboza/Getty Images In later years, she wanted to. [113] Franklin's voice was described as being a "powerful mezzo-soprano voice". Franklin's cover of "Rolling in the Deep" was featured among nine other songs in her first RCA release, Aretha Franklin Sings the Great Diva Classics, released in October 2014. [citation needed], In 1980, after leaving Atlantic Records,[75] Franklin signed with Clive Davis's Arista Records. Her father was a Baptist minister and circuit preacher originally from Shelby, Mississippi, while her mother was an accomplished piano player and vocalist. [99][100][101][102] During the bridge of the song, Franklin dropped her fur coat to the stage, for which the audience rewarded her with a mid-performance standing ovation. 3' Soundtrack Is Finally Here, Priyanka Chopra Shares Photos Of Her & Nick Jonas' Daughter Malti's 1st Easter, Get Even More From Bustle Sign Up For The Newsletter. She had initially been asked to perform in honor of the 1980 film The Blues Brothers, in which she appeared with Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi. She was delivered at her family's home located at 406 Lucy Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee. A GRAMMY Celebration For The Queen of Soul", "Tyler Perry to Host Aretha Franklin Tribute Special for CBS, Recording Academy", "Aretha Franklin Tribute Concert Lines Up Janelle Monae, Alicia Keys, John Legend", "Aretha Franklin honored with star-studded tribute concert", "TV Review: 'Aretha! After her death, her family released a statement, saying in part, "We have lost the matriarch and rock of our family. [130] Her youngest son, Kecalf Cunningham, was born in April 1970 and is the child of her road manager Ken Cunningham.[131]. Franklin paid tribute to him and her father in a memorial service at their church in 2015. The tragic loss of her beloved father, alleged abuse at the hands of a . [136] Her half-sister, Carol Ellan Kelley (ne Jennings; 19402019), is C. L. Franklin's daughter by Mildred Jennings, a 12-year-old member of New Salem Baptist Church in Memphis where C. L. was pastor. Her album The Gospel Sound of Aretha Franklin (1956) captures the electricity of her performances as a 14-year-old. [143], Franklin's music business friends included Dionne Warwick, Mavis Staples, and Cissy Houston, who began singing with Franklin as members of the Sweet Inspirations. [129] He provided guitar backing for his mother's band during live concerts. The youngest of the four siblings was also a talented musician in her own right, even writing Aint No Way, which Franklin would later sing. [45] Mostly produced by Clyde Otis, Franklin's Columbia recordings saw her performing in diverse genres, such as standards, vocal jazz, blues, doo-wop and rhythm and blues. family-owned . The album sold well over a million copies thanks to the hits "Freeway of Love", the title track, and "Another Night". [17] Several women, including Aretha's grandmother, Rachel, and Mahalia Jackson, took turns helping with the children at the Franklin home. It was also understood that our future as women our education and our career would not be compromised because of these early births. She added, Daddy recognized our ambition as a psychological force we had inherited from him. From hair trends to relationship advice, our daily newsletter has everything you need to sound like a person whos on TikTok, even if you arent. But in 1982, with help from singer-songwriter-producer Luther Vandross, she was back on top with a new label, Arista, and a new dance hit, Jump to It, followed by Freeway of Love (1985). Raising Aretha and marriage breakdown. In one of her handwritten wills, discovered in 2019, Franklin revealed that the father was Edward Jordan. Label executive John H. Hammond later said he felt Columbia did not understand Franklin's early gospel background and failed to bring that aspect out further during her period there. In March 1969, Franklin was unanimously voted winner of Acadmie du Jazz's R&B award, Prix Otis Redding, for her albums Lady Soul, Aretha Now, and Aretha in Paris. [110][111] Franklin's final public performance was at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City during Elton John's 25th anniversary gala for the Elton John AIDS Foundation on November 7, 2017. She then returned to the Detroit suburb of Bloomfield Hills to be close to her ailing father and siblings. A reluctant interviewee, Franklin kept her private life private, claiming that the popular perception associating her with the unhappiness of singers Bessie Smith and Billie Holiday was misinformed. [127] Franklin would visit them often. Corrections? This caused the song to enter the Billboard gospel charts at number one, giving Franklin the distinction of having had a number one record in every decade since the 1960s. CL Franklin was a Baptist minister and circuit preacher, originally from Shelby, Mississippi. The album of the same name was released after the single. At Atlantic, Franklin returned to her gospel-blues roots, and the results were sensational. She released a gospel album, The Gospel Sound of Aretha Franklin, in 1956, at age 14. New York: Little Brown & Company. Franklin won 18 Grammy Awards (out of 44 nominations),[4][5] including the first eight awards given for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance (19681975), a Grammy Awards Living Legend honor and Lifetime Achievement Award. Twelve years later, an unheard performance of "Never Gonna Break My Faith" was released in June 2020 to commemorate Juneteenth with a new video visualizing the American human rights movement. [97] In doing so, she became the first woman to have 100 songs on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart with the success of her cover of Adele's "Rolling in the Deep", which debuted at number 47 on the chart. Cecil, Arethas older brother, served at the same church as their father, New Bethel Baptist Church. [112], According to Richie Unterberger, Franklin was "one of the giants of soul music, and indeed of American pop as a whole. ARETHA FRANKLIN, who died age aged 76 last week, will be laid to rest next week and her funeral service will include performances from many A-list stars. [54][55] Wexler decided that he wanted to take advantage of her gospel background; his philosophy in general was to encourage a "tenacious form of rhythm & blues that became increasingly identified as soul". Critics recognized her talent, but the public remained lukewarm until 1966, when she switched to Atlantic Records, where producer Jerry Wexler allowed her to sculpt her own musical identity. [50], In the 1960s, during a performance at the Regal Theater in Chicago, WVON radio personality Pervis Spann announced that Franklin should be crowned "the Queen of Soul". All her children appear to have followed in her musical footsteps in some capacity. Franklin's final top 40 single was 1998's "A Rose Is Still a Rose". Columbia placed her with a variety of producers who marketed her to both adults (If Ever You Should Leave Me, 1963) and teens (Soulville, 1964). Erma sometimes performed background vocals on Arethas songs, but she was also a singer-songwriter in her own right who had several brushes with success. Franklin left Atlantic in 1979 and signed with Arista Records. See an exhibit on Aretha Franklin, and the Janis Joplin's famous psychedelic 1965 Porsche at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. [104] On June 8, 2017, the City of Detroit honored Franklin's legacy by renaming a portion of Madison Street, between Brush and Witherell Streets, Aretha Franklin Way. She was awarded the National Medal of Arts and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. She was a friend of Pavarotti and had sung the aria two nights prior at the annual MusiCares event. [9], Aretha Louise Franklin was born on March 25, 1942, to Barbara (ne Siggers) and Clarence LaVaughn "C. L." Franklin. [114] According to David Remnick, what "distinguishes her is not merely the breadth of her catalog or the cataract force of her vocal instrument; it's her musical intelligence, her way of singing behind the beat, of spraying a wash of notes over a single word or syllable, of constructing, moment by moment, the emotional power of a three-minute song. Dr. William Barber II. [138] After six months at Henry Ford Hospital while still in a coma, C. L. was moved back to his home with 24-hour nursing care. Aretha Franklin was an American singer, songwriter, and civil rights activist. "Precious Lord (Part One)" backed with "Precious Lord (Part Two)" followed in 1959. BBC Radio 4 star Susan Rae's family . [238], "Aretha" and "Queen of Soul" redirect here. She was delivered at her family's home located at 406 Lucy Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee. Franklin's success expanded during the early 1970s, during which she recorded the multi-week R&B number one "Don't Play That Song (You Lied)", as well as the top-ten singles "Spanish Harlem", "Rock Steady", and "Day Dreaming". [233], On January 29, 2018, Gary Graff confirmed that Jennifer Hudson would play Franklin in an upcoming biopic. Ritz David. confers 3,243 degrees at 309th Commencement", "Aretha Franklin talks new album, says health is 'fine', "Sings the Great Diva Classics Aretha Franklin", "Aretha Franklin Notches Milestone 100th Hit on Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs Chart", "Aretha Franklin Just Brought the Leader of the Free World to Tears", "Aretha Franklin stuns at Kennedy Center Honors", "Obama cries as Aretha Franklin proves why she's the queen of soul", "Watch Aretha Franklin Bring Obama to Tears at Kennedy Center Honors", "Aretha Franklin Dropping Her Fur Coat at 'Kennedy Center Honors' is Ultimate Life Goals! [70] Originally released in June 1972, Amazing Grace sold more than twomillion copies,[71] and is one of best-selling gospel albums of all time. Stevie Wonder, Jesse Jackson and former husband Glynn Turman visited her on her deathbed. Omissions? Like Erma, Carolyn was also a singer who contributed background vocals to Arethas tracks, but didnt achieve the same level of success despite her significant talents. Hit songs such as "I Never Loved a Man (The Way I Love You)", "Respect", "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman", "Chain of Fools", "Think", and "I Say a Little Prayer", propelled Franklin past her musical peers. Franklin recorded 112 charted singles on the US Billboard charts, including 73 Hot 100 entries, 17 top-ten pop singles, 100 R&B entries and 20 number-one R&B singles. Alternate titles: Aretha Louise Franklin, Queen of Soul. 2016. In 2020, Franklin was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Franklin's half-brother Vaughn died in late 2002. Franklin felt the label was not yet established enough, and he turned Gordy down. [43][57] The song was released the following month and reached number one on the R&B chart, while also peaking at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100, giving Franklin her first top-ten pop single. However, C.L. [107][108][109] At the Ravinia Festival on September 3, 2017, she gave her last full concert. He did not see his daughters as housewives. She had a particularly close relationship with her father, sisters, and brother. He went into a coma and died five years later, in 1984. Her sisters Carolyn and Erma were also singers. Carolyn worked on a variety of musical projects, and even considered acting before she decided to move back to Detroit after her father was shot. [40] The 1991 album What You See is What You Sweat flopped on the charts. [190][191], Franklin received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1979, had her voice declared a Michigan "natural resource" in 1985,[192] and became the first woman inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987. [7] In 2019, the Pulitzer Prize jury awarded the songwriter a posthumous special citation "for her indelible contribution to American music and culture for more than five decades". In 1960 she moved to New York City to pursue a career in secular music. She launched a multi-city tour in mid-2014, starting with a performance on June 14 in New York at Radio City Music Hall. From that first session, Today I Sing the Blues (1960) remains a classic. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aretha-Franklin, Academy of Achievement - Biography of Aretha Franklin, Aretha Franklin - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Aretha Franklin - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum (1987). "[188][189] Following a telecast procession up Seven Mile Road, Franklin was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in Detroit. [153] She admitted in 1994 that her smoking was "messing with my voice",[154] but after quitting smoking she said later, in 2003, that her weight "ballooned". [61] On February 16, Franklin was honored with a day named for her and was greeted by longtime friend Martin Luther King Jr., who gave her the SCLC Drum Beat Award for Musicians two months before his death. [76] "Davis was beguiling and had the golden touch", according to Rolling Stone. [221] She was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters by Case Western Reserve University 2011[222] and Wayne State University in 1990 and an honorary Doctor of Law degree by BethuneCookman University in 1975. "[104] Describing Franklin's voice on her first album, Songs of Faith, released in 1956 when she was just 14, Jerry Wexler explained that it "was not that of a child but rather of an ecstatic hierophant". Over one billion people worldwide saw the performance, and she received an immediate standing ovation. Her central influence, Clara Ward of the renowned Ward Singers, was a family friend. Franklin was married twice. Raised without her mother, she was a gospel prodigy who gave birth to two sons in her teens and left them and her native Detroit for New York, where she struggled to find her true voice. However, Franklin's family denounced the series, claiming to be uninvolved with the production process, despite the production team stating that the series had been endorsed by the Franklin estate. Anthony Barboza/Archive Photos/Getty Images, Franklin paid tribute to him and her father. [32], During this time, Franklin would occasionally travel with the Soul Stirrers. The next seven years' achievements were less impressive. C. L. Franklin, 69, Dies After 5 Years in Coma", "Aretha Talks About Men, Marriage, Music & Motherhood", "Aretha Franklin Returns With Soulful CD, 'So Damn Happy', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aretha_Franklin&oldid=1149299682, This page was last edited on 11 April 2023, at 10:57. [37] Other influences in her youth included Marvin Gaye (who was a boyfriend of her sister), as well as Ray Charles and Sam Cooke, "two of Franklin's greatest influences". [166] However, she scheduled some 2018 concert dates before canceling them based on her physician's advice. "American history wells up when Aretha sings", President Obama explained in response to her performance of "A Natural Woman" at the 2015 Kennedy Center Honors. A singer himself, he was noted for his brilliant sermons, many of which were recorded by Chess Records. [231][232], At the 61st Annual Grammy Awards, the ceremony was ended with a memorial tribute to the life and career of Franklin. [40], In April 2021, Aretha Franklin was featured in National Geographic magazine and in the previous month, the society began airing the third season of the television series Genius about her life and career. The couple had a contentious relationship, and Barbara eventually grew weary of her husbands infidelity and moved to New York in 1948, although the two never officially divorced. According to National Geographic, this recording "would catapult Franklin to fame". [116], In 2015, President Barack Obama wrote the following regarding Franklin:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, Nobody embodies more fully the connection between the African-American spiritual, the blues, R. & B., rock and rollthe way that hardship and sorrow were transformed into something full of beauty and vitality and hope. [53], Producer Jerry Wexler convinced her to move to Atlantic Records. Her father was a Baptist preacher, while her mother was a gospel singer. Despite the success of the single "Angel", the album bombed[citation needed] upon its release in 1973. [202] That same year, she was ranked 19th among the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time top artists.[203][204]. [118] When Angela Davis was jailed in 1970, Franklin told Jet: "Angela Davis must go free Black people will be free. Franklin was featured on vocals and piano. [178], A memorial service was held at New Bethel Baptist Church on August 19. The show's producers, desperate to fill the time slot, approached Franklin with their dilemma. Clarence, her firstborn who was named after the singer's preacher. In 2005 Franklin received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for revolutionizing music and helping to shape our Nations artistic and cultural heritage. Today she is widely considered the Queen of Soul.. [38] Also important was James Cleveland, known as the King of Gospel music, "who helped to focus her early career as a gospel singer"; Cleveland had been recruited by her father as a pianist for the Southern California Community Choir. Musicians and professionals alike such as Elton John, Keith Richards, Carole King, and Clive Davis were fans of her piano performances. Franklin's nephew Vaughan complained of Williams: "He spoke for 50 minutes and at no time did he properly eulogize her. [122] She quietly and without fanfare supported Indigenous peoples' struggles worldwide, and numerous movements that supported Native American and First Nation cultural rights. After Franklin finalized her divorced from her first husband, Ted White (who was also her manager), Cecil stopped his work at the church and became her manager. The album featured her first single to chart the Billboard Hot 100, "Won't Be Long", which also peaked at number 7 on the R&B chart. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Aretha Franklin's Family Denounces NatGeo's 'Genius': It's About 'Common, Decent Respect' Aretha's son Kecalf Franklin says the network didn't cooperate with the estate, and that they. Over 75 million copies of her albums have been sold. Another woman performed at several Florida venues under the name Aretha Franklin. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [182] Among those who paid tribute to Aretha at the service were Ariana Grande, Bill Clinton, Rev. 4 Erma eventually became a pop singer and lived in New York City. When soul icon Aretha Franklin died in 2018, she left behind not only a mammoth catalog of hits, but four children. [94] On February 8, 2008, Franklin was honored as the MusiCares Person of the Year, and performed "Never Gonna Break My Faith", which had won her the Grammy for best Gospel performance[95] the year before. 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