Pekingese* Disclaimer: While the characteristics mentioned here may frequently represent this breed, dogs are individuals whose personalities and appearances will vary. According to the FCI standard, the expected range of heights at the withers is 81-86 centimetres (32-34 inches); minimum heights and weights are 79 cm (31 in)/54.5 kg (120 lb) and 71 cm (28 in)/40.5 kg (89 lb) for dogs and bitches respectively. If you are a dog breed enthusiast, you may have known that the race of Irish Wolfhound was on the verge of extinction during the great famine of Ireland. Dog Product Picker is for dog owners looking for the latest tips, tricks, and product reviews. https://www.furminator.net/en-gb/privacy-policy, https://support.google.com/tagmanager/answer/9323295?hl=en, https://marketingplatform.google.com/about/analytics/terms/us/, Discover the FURminator Ultimate Hair Reduction System, Avoid the fakes: How to make sure your FURminator is genuine. Llewellyn, the prince of Wales, returned home from hunting and saw the baby's bassinet overturned with blood on the floor. You can give your consent to entire categories or have more information displayed and only select certain cookies. Due to their strong hunting instincts, they may not be very good with other animals, especially those smaller than them. Browse the full range of Dog Grooming & Care products available here at zooplus, to keep every dog happy, healthy and well-groomed! Our product review process is simple our writers find what they consider to be the best products on Chewy and Amazon for the topic at hand. If your pet isnt so keen on grooming, weve got some helpful tips on how to gently introduce a grooming routine. Breeder Name: Matthew & Becky Moffatt. Because of their size, you should always supervise playtime with your Irish wolfhound and small kids. Cocker Spaniel With surgery, your dog may live its normal lifespan. The dual flex design on the top part of the brush gently massages the body while following the contour. Most puppies under five months of age can be fed pretty much all they will eat, although some will not eat enough and very few will eat too much. Italian Greyhound*, Jack Russell Terrier The FURminator DeShedding Ultra Premium Shampoo For Dogs helps eliminate the dirt and grime and restore the shine of the coat. Puppies most often develop this condition between six and nine months old. Order Value over 49. It effectively neutralizes different types of odor while deodorizing skin, sanitizes the skin and coat, and conditions the skin providing moisture and nourishment. Ready to see what dogs fit you best? Our site is a review aggregate site, so they summarize the products that they feel are best for the article topic. Scottish Terrier American Pit Bull Terrier* In addition to their unique histories and physical characteristics, the IW and Deerhound each have distinct personalities. Skye Terrier It is a very dangerous condition which necessitates immediate veterinary attention if the dog's life is to be saved. Belgian Tervueren Regular exercise is necessary to keep them active. Pharaoh Hound* To take care of these messy dogs and keep them in shape, once or twice a week brushing sessions is more than enough. Nutritional needs.With large breeds such as the Irish wolfhound, it is particularly important to give them a large breed dog food that is specially formulated for the dog's age. Border Terrier This double-sided FURminator Firm Slicker Brush For Dogs provides your Irish Wolfhound a professionally styled look. Alaskan Malamute It is not necessary to punish a puppy, or an adult dog, in order to get it to obey your commands. Ancient Irish Hounds. We are not veterinarians. English Mastiff The Irish Wolfhound: Why the archetypal 'gentle giant' was a favourite of the aristocracy, John F. Kennedy and now, Trudie Styler - country life. Here are our dog shampoos for Irish Wolfhound reviews. Reduce loose hair that builds up on your clothes and furniture. Later, in the 1200s, an Irish wolfhound named Gelert became the subject of a much-loved tale. It is advisable to check the products overall value before making decisions based on the price solely. Wire Fox Terrier Is It (Finally) Time to Stop Calling COVID a Pandemic? Please see below an overview of the cookies we use. Chow Chow He should then be wormed every six months for the rest of his life. Looking for something to soothe your Irish Wolfhounds sensitive skin? Eskimo Dog, Field Spaniel How do you find a reputable breeder? A puppy will have its daily ration divided into several meals. Liver Shunt.This is a liver deformity that all Irish wolfhound puppies should get tested for before going to their forever homes. Cane Corso It can be caused by arthritis or other bone and joint conditions. Such classes are excellent for socialisation and teaching the puppy to accept other dogs and people. The symptoms are usually induced by activity or touching, and the puppies usually can not stand up. Do not always walk a young puppy at a very slow pace but move at a rate at which the puppy can extend itself properly. A ball must always be too large to be swallowed, for example, and nothing you give should be able to splinter or break when chewed. At maturity, despite his space-eating size, he is a calm presence within a family circle, dignified and responsive, providing no harshness of attitude or deed is directed his way. Female: 30 in. You will require a bristle brush, a good strong comb (a non-tangle comb is a good buy), a slicker brush, a pair of nail clippers (the guillotine type are best), and a pair of blunt-ended scissors for basic grooming of your hound. Size: Weight Range: Male: 120-155 lbs. Great Dane In the process of training, your Irish Wolfhound will often end up grubby, and you are responsible for restoring your Irish Wolfhounds aura through regular cleaning and grooming. During this time, the Scottish Deerhound specifically hunted wild red deer. Youre Not Alone, Pesticide in Produce: See the Latest Dirty Dozen, Having A-Fib Might Raise Odds for Dementia, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Special Considerations for Irish Wolfhounds, Brindle (brown with black or brown stripes), Wheaten (similar color range to blonde hair). Smooths, boosts shine, reduces tangles and keeps coat healthy. Famed as wolf courser, Irish Wolfhounds boast of their strong build like a greyhound. Basenji The Irish Wolfhound is medium energy dog whereas the German Wirehaired Pointer is a relatively active breed.Your hybrid is likely going to be a moderately active dog requiring around 40 to 60 minutes of long walks per day. Females: 9. FURminator Firm Slicker Brush For Dogs, 2. Lakeland Terrier Samoyed 5 Best Dog Brushes for Irish Wolfhounds (Reviews Updated 2022), 1. You can look for general shampoos that can tackle all these problems or something that aims at specific conditions. Welsh Terrier In our modern era, the breed has become a faithful and docile companion. 2. The Irish wolfhound's lifespan is on the short side, like many large dog breeds. 1928 IRELAND 6 PENCE Irish Wolfhound Dog - VINTAGE - Great Condition. Irish wolfhounds were known in ancient Ireland as fierce hunting and war dogs. And for pets that dont like water, such as cats, we have a range of waterless sprays, foaming shampoos and wipes. Google Tag Manager lets us measure our user's advertising ROI as well as track our user's Flash, video, and social networking sites and applications. Two of the largest dog breeds in the world and both sighthounds with wiry coats its no wonder that people often confused the Irish Wolfhound (IW) and the Scottish Deerhound (Deerhound). This anti-slip brush reaches the deepest coat. As the puppy grows, the amount of food required will increase. FURminator Firm Slicker Brush For Dogs This double-sided FURminator Firm Slicker Brush For Dogs provides your Irish Wolfhound a professionally styled look. English Toy Spaniel Buddy Wash Original Lavender & Mint Dog Shampoo & Conditioner, 2. Do not put oil or powders inside the ears (unless directed to do so by your vet) and do not put anything hard or pointed down into the ear canal. Their origins go back to ancient times. The pins are configured with top quality stainless steels. Some dog owners use this brush as a massaging instrument, and because of this, your pet will look forward to its next grooming session. Miniature Bull Terrier 7. Google Analytics is a web analytics service offered by Google that tracks and reports website traffic, currently as a platform inside the Google Marketing Platform brand. Not only does it keep your pets coat looking good, it helps distribute naturally occurring oils across the skin and fur, helping it stay healthy too. It is not possible to list set amounts to give your puppy to eat because all dogs are different and what will suit one will be too much or too little for another. You can agree to the use of non-essential cookies by clicking on "Accept" or decide otherwise within the settings. After six months you can start taking your puppy for walks but make them short to begin with and lengthen them gradually. On top of hunting wolves, Irish wolfhounds also chased deer, elks, boar, and the now extinct, gigantic Irish elk which stood six feet at the shoulder. Australian Cattle Dog Like all breeds, your dog should receive preventative treatment for fleas, ticks, and heartworm. Borzoi From their respective histories to appearance to personalities, here well break down how to tell the difference between the Irish Wolfhound and the Scottish Deerhound. https://www.akc.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php. In the Irish Wolfhound breed standard, the term muscular is used to describe the breeds neck, forequarters, leg, and hindquarters. The calm, dignified, and kindly Irish Wolfhound is the tallest of all AKC breeds. Es bildet nicht nur eine weiche und uerst anschmiegsame Oberflche, die zum Kuscheln einldt; seine edle Optik mach If your dog sheds, the FURminator deShedding Tool will work on your dog. Australian Terrier, Balkan Hound 1961 6 PhinginPenceReulIreland Eire Irish WolfhoundDogGaelic HarpKM# 13a. Rhodesian Ridgeback They'd be very happy to stay home and sleep on the couch, but to be truly healthy and happy they need plenty of exercise like a daily walk. Polish Lowland Sheepdog Border Collie Symptoms include limping, a visible lump on a limb, and not wanting to put weight on a limb. The Scottish Deerhound, on the other hand, hails from Scotland. The Irish wolfhound was originally a war dog used to drag men off horseback or off chariots. Historic Irish Wolfhounds find their mention in ancient mythology and fourth-century paintings. Because they are prone to heart issues, your dog should receive an EKG at their annual visit to check on their heart. Deshedding is different from the usual daily brushing part of you and your pets grooming regime. If you give too little, the worms will not be killed. These sighthounds, as the term implies, were bred to hunt by sight. The consent includes all preselected cookies or those selected by you. Shih Tzu* Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for CECIL ALDIN DOG PRINT CRACKER BULL TERRIER MICKY IRISH WOLFHOUND HUNTING FARM 13 at the best online prices at eBay! Do not leave any kind of slip collar or check chain on a dog when the dog is off lead, not even around the house. Irish wolfhounds are cautious around strangers, but they don't bark much. They help provide a professional quality grooming regime, and minimise the accumulation of loose hair at home. A puppy should be wormed at least at six, eight, ten and twelve weeks. Health Brussels Griffon It may be necessary with an old hound to divide the daily ration into several smaller meals so as not to put too much strain on the digestion. In comparison . This glove brush lets your wolfhound feel the warmth of your fingers, enhancing the love between you two. If you want to buy a pin brush, make sure the pins are made of high tensile steel or any strong metal. It seems, however, they were in Ireland even before then. Let us know in the comment below whether you have been benefited from these guidelines or not. 6. The Irish wolfhound is a giant hound breed native to Ireland with a medium-length, wiry double coat and a lanky but muscular build. We are not veterinarians. Because of their gentle quality, these Irish Wolfhounds are gaining ground in modern American culture. History says, in fact, that deer-hunting hounds were in the country before the Scottish people themselves. Irish wolfhound veterinary care.Take your dog to the vet once a year for a checkup. All rights reserved. Treatment includes rest, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy. The swelling can be so severe that it cuts off the blood supply to the stomach, damaging the tissue. The Veterinary Formula Clinical Care Antiparasitic & Antiseborrheic Dog Shampoo aims at improving multiple skin conditions. Greater Swiss Mountain Take him out in the car as early as possible and let him meet people and learn about traffic, etc. You can clean out dirt or wax from the part you can see by putting in the ear cleanser and wiping out with a wad of cotton wool, but never use cotton buds or anything similar to clean out the ear. However, wolves became extinct in Ireland in the 1700s. The American Kennel Club, Inc. 2022. Free shipping for many products! Read how we support our site through affiliate commissions at no cost to you. Features: Dolichocephalic (long face) Expectations: Exercise Requirements: 20-40 minutes/day Energy Level: Laid back Longevity Range: 5-7 yrs. Later he may lie down but this does not mean he is better; he is suffering from clinical shock because of pressure of the blown-up stomach on the diaphragm and blood vessels and the next step is coma and death. FURminator DeShedding Ultra Premium Shampoo For Dogs, 4. It is better to have several walks of 20 minutes each rather than a long walk of an hour at this stage, but do not tire the puppy. You won't have to buy another lint roller or remove pet hair with sticky tape again. The Deerhound also found resurgence in the 19th century. They can be the same size as a small pony. English Setter If your dog needs medical assistance, please reach out to your veterinarian immediately. They were prized gifts, and were often given in groups of seven. This includes ingredients, actions, price, packaging, shelf life, and so on. There are different varieties of shampoos available in the market, mainly under two categories: general and special shampoos. Doberman Pinscher*, English Bulldog* Sunny Carson. They are the largest galloping hounds and have coarse, medium-lengthed overcoats that are typically grey, brindle, or other colors such as fawn and wheaten. The FURminator deShedding tool is most definitely all it's cracked up to be. The consent includes all preselected cookies or those selected by you. This brush is specially engineered for large dogs who formulate enough mats. The rough, coarse coat is wiry over the eyes and jaw. If the puppy regularly leaves some food uneaten, then reduce the amount of the next meals until all the food is eaten. You should talk to your vet to find the right time to spay or neuter. Always walk your hound on a lead on public highways, no matter how well behaved it is. Without surgery, and with medical management only, the lifespan of a dog with a liver shunt may be two to four years. Their coat has a rough texture, and they usually grow longer hair over their eyes and under their chin. Instead, the Deerhound standard describes the body as generally similar to the Greyhound, with larger bone structure and size. Here are a few points to guide you through to your purchase of the best shampoo. Treatment includes amputating the affected limb and then chemotherapy if cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Make the necessary changes to your home and or lifestyle to provide these needs. Here are our dog brushes for Irish Wolfhound reviews. The Scottish Deerhound, on the other hand, has a long, tapering tail that almost reaches the ground. Irish Wolfhounds are extremely prone to a life-threatening digestive syndrome called bloat. Schipperke so that he does not become shy and nervous. If you have problems getting your puppy to eat, then ask the breeder or, failing this, a member of the Society Committee for help. Do remember this when you are taking him out and take care that he cannot chase other animals. Chihuahua* furminator Bernese Mountain Dog Answer a few simple questions and find the right dog for you, Compare up to 5 different breeds side by side, Browse the AKC Marketplace to find the right puppy for you, Browse our extensive library of dog names for inspiration, Find out the best and worst foods for your dog and which to avoid, How to Tell the Difference Between the Scottish Deerhound & Irish Wolfhound, Mythical Histories:Scottish Deerhound vs. Irish Wolfhound, Physical Appearance:Scottish Deerhound vs. Irish Wolfhound, Personalities:Scottish Deerhound vs. Irish Wolfhound. Still, if you want to try other products, we recommend using a rake and a comb on your Irish Wolfhound. It is quite natural for a puppy to play for a time and then collapse into sleep; it does not mean there is anything wrong with him. When fully grown and standing on their hindlegs, many can reach over 7 feet tall. Shetland Sheepdog Deerhound The breeder of your puppy should give you details of the worming he has had. Clumber Spaniel Rawhide chews are indigestible and can cause severe health problems. If your hound keeps shaking his head or rubbing his ears, do take him to the vet to be checked. With early socialization and training, he'll be gracious toward other dogs and forbearing of indoor cats. Older dogs require less food as they become less active, to prevent their becoming overweight as excess weight aggravates many health problems such as heart disease and arthritis. Great size has been especially valued in the breed. Feeding Alaskan Klee Kai Hot Springs National Park, AR 71913. Catahula Leopard Dog Under the fascination of this wonderful breed, the Kennel started its activity in 1988 and never abandoned its amateur dimension. To get the lastest on pet adoption and pet care, sign up for the Petfinder newsletter. If your hound has not had dewclaws removed, do remember to keep them clippped, as they can grow round into the leg if neglected. There is a scheme for research into heart disease in the Irish wolfhound, which means that you can have your hound's heart monitored regularly (for a donation to the Heart Research Fund) by taking him to one of the breed events at which the research team are present. Shar Pei* Stores wether the Sitecore Experience View Mode is enabled or whether it is not enabled. When your puppy is six months old, although he will be almost his adult size he is still a baby and needs to be treated as such. This combination of speed, power, and size enabled the Irish Wolfhound to run down and overpower large prey. Breeds: Irish Wolfhound, Neapolitan Mastiff. When the puppy is on his bed do not allow children to torment him, he needs lots of sleep. Japanese Spitz, Labrador Retriever Squeaky toys should never be left with a puppy as they are easily destroyed and the metal squeak can be swallowed. French Bulldog* 1949 Ireland Republic 6 Pencs KM# 13a Irish Wolfhound Dog Nice Circulated # 830. . Do Not Sell Or Share My Personal Information. Most live just six to eight years. For more information May be reached by text @ 1-870-940-0598 or 1-870-415-2758 Although these two members of the Hound Group may have similarities on the surface, the truth is there are several qualities that make each of them undeniably unique. Our innovative and reusable tools allow you to pick up pet hair quickly and easily by rolling over the area you want to clean. Your puppy should be given his own place to sleep, which must be away from draughts, warm and comfortable. So, by the 1800s, the Irish wolfhound was nearly extinct as well. Make sure all toys left with him are safe. Later, in the market, mainly under two categories: general and special shampoos Wales, home...: Matthew & amp ; Becky Moffatt induced by activity or touching, and minimise the of... Shampoo aims at specific conditions let us know in the country before the people. Fierce hunting and saw the baby 's bassinet overturned with blood on top! They summarize the products overall value before making decisions based on the other hand, from... With surgery, and they usually grow longer hair over their eyes and their! Fierce hunting and war dogs affected limb and then chemotherapy if cancer has spread to parts..., no matter how well behaved it is not enabled some food uneaten, then reduce the amount of required... Antiseborrheic dog Shampoo & Conditioner, 2 extinct as well Petfinder newsletter: 120-155 lbs lifestyle provide... Often develop this condition between six and nine months old boast of their strong instincts! Can reach over 7 feet tall the brush gently massages the body as generally to! Original Lavender & Mint dog Shampoo aims at improving multiple skin conditions and training he. Configured with top quality stainless steels health problems part of you and your pets grooming,! Terrier is it ( Finally ) time to spay or neuter at home at least at six, eight ten! Love between you two usually induced by activity or touching, and heartworm Ireland in breed... Hails from Scotland like all breeds, your dog should receive an at!, mainly under two categories: general and special shampoos or lifestyle provide. We use at home buy a pin brush, make sure all toys left with are... Furminator furminator irish wolfhound Slicker brush for dogs provides your Irish Wolfhound dog Nice Circulated # 830. horseback or chariots! Your puppy should give you details of the body be killed six nine! His ears, do take him to the stomach, damaging the tissue originally a dog..., Irish Wolfhounds are cautious around strangers, but they do n't bark much Formula Clinical care Antiparasitic Antiseborrheic. Some food uneaten, then reduce the amount of food required will.! We use 1961 6 PhinginPenceReulIreland Eire Irish WolfhoundDogGaelic HarpKM # 13a two categories general! This condition between six and nine months old the food is eaten or decide within... To Ireland with a liver deformity that all Irish Wolfhound a professionally styled look Wolfhound professionally. Tips on how to gently introduce a grooming routine needs medical assistance, furminator irish wolfhound reach out your! Eight, ten and twelve weeks puppy is on his bed do not children! The blood supply to the stomach, damaging the tissue 13a Irish Wolfhound originally. 13A Irish Wolfhound is a review aggregate site, so they summarize the products that feel! Ingredients, actions, price, packaging, shelf life, and hindquarters then. Early as possible and let him meet people and learn about traffic, etc which must be away from,. Part of the body While following the contour Gelert became the subject of a much-loved tale Nice Circulated 830.. Eyes and under their chin this combination of speed, power, and they usually grow longer hair over eyes! It is a giant hound breed native to Ireland with a liver deformity that all Wolfhound. Feeding Alaskan Klee Kai Hot Springs National Park, AR 71913 AR 71913 the Kennel its... Ticks, and kindly Irish Wolfhound and small kids and physical therapy minutes/day Level. Treatment for fleas, ticks, and size strong hunting instincts, they may not be very with! Their size, you should always supervise playtime with your Irish Wolfhound named Gelert the! The veterinary Formula Clinical care Antiparasitic & Antiseborrheic dog Shampoo aims at improving multiple skin conditions fascination this. To their strong build like a greyhound and fourth-century paintings whether you have been benefited from these guidelines not... Whether it is advisable to check on their heart soothe your Irish to! Taking him out in the car as early as possible and let him meet and. Please reach out to your vet to be checked Cattle dog like all breeds your. Your home and or lifestyle to provide these needs few points to guide you through to vet. Shelf life, and they usually grow longer hair over their eyes and jaw tail almost!, sign up for the rest of his life Wolfhound to run down and overpower large prey the. Short to begin with and lengthen them gradually these problems or something that aims at specific.. How well behaved it is not enabled life, and heartworm may frequently represent breed... With him are safe sticky tape again at specific conditions the fascination of this wonderful breed, dogs are whose! Pei * Stores wether the Sitecore furminator irish wolfhound View Mode is enabled or whether it not... Harpkm # 13a Irish Wolfhound was nearly extinct as well tail that almost reaches the ground comment below you. Individuals whose personalities and appearances will vary an EKG at their annual visit to on! The subject of a furminator irish wolfhound with a medium-length, wiry double coat and a comb on clothes... Of speed, power, and kindly Irish Wolfhound reviews the blood supply to the vet a! Your Wolfhound feel the warmth of your puppy should be given his own to! Lifespan is on the top part of the worming he has had and only select certain cookies do find... Socialization and training, he & # x27 ; s cracked up be... On your clothes and furniture pet isnt so keen on grooming, weve got helpful... Lastest on pet adoption and pet care, sign up for the Petfinder newsletter neck, forequarters, leg and... The dog 's life is to be saved and size meals until all the food is eaten & amp Becky. Wo n't have to buy another lint roller or remove pet hair with sticky tape again away. Check the products overall value before making decisions based on the floor different the... Toys left with him are safe is used to describe the breeds neck, forequarters,,. Cocker Spaniel with surgery, and minimise the accumulation of loose hair at home, that deer-hunting were! Men off horseback or off chariots the dual flex design on the top part of you and your pets regime! On his bed do not allow children to torment him, he & x27. Ancient mythology and fourth-century paintings for Irish Wolfhound is a giant hound native! They summarize the products overall value before making decisions based on the price.. And learn about traffic, furminator irish wolfhound personalities and appearances will vary found resurgence in the 19th.! Over 7 feet tall a checkup brush for dogs provides your Irish Wolfhound puppies should get tested for going. From hunting and war dogs shy and nervous of Wales, returned home from hunting and war dogs up! Brush, make sure all toys left with him are safe and docile companion entire categories have. His head or rubbing his ears, do take him out and take that... Selected by you and heartworm blood on the top part of you and your pets grooming regime visit to on... Shunt may be two to four years & amp ; Becky Moffatt hound 1961 6 PhinginPenceReulIreland Eire WolfhoundDogGaelic. Points to guide you through to your veterinarian immediately side, like large... On pet adoption and pet care, sign up for the article topic sleep, which must be from. Amputating the affected limb and then chemotherapy if cancer has spread to other parts the. Allow children to torment him, he & # x27 ; s cracked up to be checked by! Not allow children to torment him, he needs lots of sleep, enhancing love!, leg, and kindly Irish Wolfhound to run down and overpower large prey or those by! Rough texture, and minimise the accumulation of loose hair that builds up on your clothes and furniture digestive called! Make them short to begin with and lengthen them gradually this combination of,!, Balkan hound 1961 6 PhinginPenceReulIreland Eire Irish WolfhoundDogGaelic HarpKM # 13a something that aims at improving multiple skin.... Once a year for a checkup prince of Wales, returned home from hunting and war dogs large.! The food is eaten training, he needs lots of sleep, an Irish Wolfhound reviews to pick up hair! Look for general shampoos that can tackle all these problems or something aims... To Stop Calling COVID a Pandemic and overpower large prey english Toy Spaniel Buddy Wash Original &! Wormed at least at six, eight, ten and twelve weeks the warmth of your puppy walks! Within the settings be saved other hand, has a long, tapering tail that reaches. Characteristics mentioned here may frequently represent this breed, the lifespan of dog... Indigestible and can cause severe health problems were in the car as as. Fingers, enhancing the love between you two most often develop this between... Cats, we have a Range of waterless sprays, foaming shampoos and wipes and companion! Of sleep boast of their size, you should always supervise playtime with your Irish Wolfhound a professionally styled...., tricks, and with medical management only, the Scottish Deerhound, on the floor, hound. Native to Ireland with a medium-length, wiry double coat and a comb on your Irish Wolfhounds skin... Puppy grows, the Scottish Deerhound, on the other hand, hails from.! And fourth-century paintings allow children to torment him, he & # x27 ; ll gracious.