The Chola Dynasty reached its peak under Rajaraja Chola I (985 - 1014 AD) and his son, Rajendra Chola (1014 - 1044 AD). Kidadl cannot accept liability for the execution of these ideas, and parental supervision is advised at all times, as safety is paramount. One feudatory, the Kadava chieftain KopperunchingaI, even held Rajaraja CholaIII as hostage for sometime. When you buy through the links on our site we may earn a commission. [158] The Cholas, being in possession of parts of both the west and the east coasts of peninsular India, were at the forefront of these ventures. Their reign was ended by Vijayalaya chola who captured Thanjavur from Ilango Mutharaiyar between 848 and 851 CE. Moreover, their patronage of Tamil literature and their zeal for building temples has resulted in some of the greatest works of Tamil literature and architecture. We recommend that these ideas are used as inspiration, that ideas are undertaken with appropriate adult supervision, and that each adult uses their own discretion and knowledge of their children to consider the safety and suitability. It's quite popular in America and is basically used to refer to a girl who is generally soft-spoken or has a soft voice. [192], The revival of Hinduism from its nadir during the Kalabhras spurred the construction of numerous temples and these in turn generated Shaiva and Vaishnava devotional literature. For other uses, see, Map showing the greatest extent of the Chola empire, The age of Sangam is established through the correlation between the evidence on foreign trade found in the poems and the writings by ancient Greek and Romans such as. Cruz (Iberian origin) means the 'Christian cross'. [h] The Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang, who spent several months in Kanchipuram during 639640 writes about the "kingdom of Culi-ya", in an apparent reference to these Telugu Cholas. This rule stretched over for over five long centuries until the 13th century. It is a popular first name in Spanish for girls. [220][221], During the period of the Later Cholas, there are alleged to have been instances of intolerance towards Vaishnavites[222] especially towards their acharya, Ramanuja. cholo, feminine form chola, a young person who participates in or identifies with Mexican American gang subculture. [219] Rajaraja CholaI patronised Buddhists and provided for the construction of the Chudamani Vihara, a Buddhist monastery in Nagapattinam, at the request of Sri Chulamanivarman, the Srivijaya Sailendra king. [207][208] Ottakuttan wrote Kulothunga Cholan Ula, a poem extolling the virtues of the Chola king. The items of expense set apart for their comforts are rice, a doctor, a surgeon, two maid servants for nursing the patients, and a general servant for the hospital. The Chola Dynasty reached its peak under Rajaraja Chola I (r. 985 - 1014 AD) and his son, Rajendra Chola (r. 1014 - 1044 AD). But the Cholas remained stable until 1215, were absorbed by the Pandyan empire and ceased to exist by 1279. Chola dynasty, Chola also spelled Cola, South Indian Tamil rulers of unknown antiquity, antedating the early Sangam poems (c. 200 ce). La Greisy is mostly used to call people who have a certain charm in them. Hermosa means 'beautiful'. That was the final dissolution of Chalukyan power though the Chalukyas existed only in name since 11351140. The reign of the Cholas commenced back in the 9th Century when they defeated the Pallavas to come into power. Besides, Cholas regularly fought with the Eastern Gangas of Kalinga. Our recommended activities are based on age but these are a guide. The river Kaveri and its tributaries dominate this landscape of generally flat country that gradually slopes towards the sea, unbroken by major hills or valleys. It is a cute and adorable name. [141] The prosperity of an agricultural country depends to a large extent on the facilities provided for irrigation. The main sources of information about the early Cholas are ancient Tamil literature of the Sangam Period,[a] oral traditions, religious texts, temple and copperplate inscriptions. Anouka - The one with the spirit of God 2. Moderate. [155], The Cholas excelled in foreign trade and maritime activity, extending their influence overseas to China and Southeast Asia. Kidadl has a number of affiliate partners that we work with including Amazon. It is quite an adorable name mostly used for girls. [71] In 1025, Rajendra Chola launched naval raids on ports of Srivijaya and against the Burmese kingdom of Pegu. [95] These two towns became hubs of trade and commerce and attracted many religious faiths, including Buddhism. The temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram at Gangaikondacholapuram, the creation of Rajendra Chola, was intended to excel its predecessor. A Chola record gives their rationale for engagement in foreign trade: "Make the merchants of distant foreign countries who import elephants and good horses attach to yourself by providing them with villages and decent dwellings in the city, by affording them daily audience, presents and allowing them profits. A Chola Coin with the legend 'Uttama'. The Chola Dynasty was the greatest among all the south Indian dynasties. Take a look at some more Chola names mentioned below. [156] Towards the end of the 9th century, southern India had developed extensive maritime and commercial activity. Any information you provide to us via this website may be placed by us on servers located in countries outside the EU if you do not agree to such placement, do not provide the information. It is quite an adorable name for girls. [237] The serialisation lasted for nearly five years and every week its publication was awaited with great interest. Troubles is quite a self-explanatory name. Because more or less, a large portion of the Chola names are derived from Mexican culture. Kocengannan, an Early Chola, was celebrated in both Sangam literature and in the Shaivite canon as a Hindu saint. Some prominent features of temple architecture in the Chola dynasty are enunciated here. Leticia (Latin origin) means 'happiness'. It is quite a popular name for babies in Mexico, more so for baby girls. Plot. His successor, the last great Chola monarch Kulottunga Chola III reinforced the hold of the Chola territories by quelling further rebellions and disturbances in the Rajarata area of Sri Lanka and Madurai. [149] During the reign of the Imperial Chola rulers (10th13th century) there were major changes in the temple administration and land ownership. The center of Chola power was later moved to Kanci (now Kanchipuram), farther to the north. Tikkana is one of the kavitrayam who translated Mahabharata into Telugu language. Ayushka - Refers to life 4. [126] The Chola economy was based on three tiersat the local level, agricultural settlements formed the foundation to commercial towns nagaram, which acted as redistribution centres for externally produced items bound for consumption in the local economy and as sources of products made by nagaram artisans for the international trade. [78] Subsequently, the Cholas also lost control of the island of Lanka and were driven out by the revival of Sinhala power. They ruled a significantly larger area at the height of their power from the later half of the 9th century till the beginning of the 13th century. [171] Examples of the Hindu cultural influence found today throughout Southeast Asia owe much to the legacy of the Cholas. [4] The Chola fleet represented the zenith of ancient Indian maritime capacity. Dimples literally mean 'the tiny contortion that forms on one's cheek while smiling'. [177][185][pageneeded] The Brihadisvara Temple, the temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram and the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram were declared as World Heritage Sites by the UNESCO and are referred to as the Great living Chola temples. It was serialised in the Tamil weekly Kumudam. Ancient and medieval Tamil texts mention different forms of martial traditions but the ultimate expression of the loyalty of the warrior to his commander was a form of martial suicide called Navakandam. In 925, his son ParantakaI conquered Sri Lanka (known as Ilangai). The reign of the Cholas began in the 9th century when they defeated the Pallavas to come into power. The medieval Kalingathu Parani text, which celebrates the victory of Kulothunga Chola I and his general in the battle for Kalinga, describes the practice in detail. [128] Uraiyur, the capital of the early Chola rulers, was a famous centre for cotton textiles which were praised by Tamil poets. This is quite a sweet name for girls. [121] Kallar served in the armies of the Chola kings. [10][11], There is very little written evidence for the Cholas prior to the 7th century CE. [174][full citation needed] Chola rule is remembered in Malaysia today as many princes there have names ending with Cholan or Chulan, one such being Raja Chulan, the Raja of Perak. Please note: prices are correct and items are available at the time the article was published. But now, it just used to refer to petite and attractive women or girls. A martial art called Silambam was patronised by the Chola rulers. This work is in a sense a national epic of the Tamil people because it treats of the lives of the saints who lived in all parts of Tamil Nadu and belonged to all classes of society, men and women, high and low, educated and uneducated. The Chola army was spread all over the country and was stationed in local garrisons or military camps known as Kodagams. [140] The vellan-vagai was the ordinary ryotwari village of modern times, having direct relations with the government and paying a land-tax liable to revision from time to time. Art & Culture: Tamil was the medium of education for the masses; Religious monasteries (matha or gatika) were centres of learning and received government support. Who took part in all the advisory council of chola dynasty in all aspects like battle, people concern, politics etc: Kuzhali: One who has beautiful hair: Laya: Rythym: Liyana: Soft: Madhivathani: One who looks like . The Hoysalas, under Vira Someswara, were quick to intervene and this time they sided with the Pandyas and repulsed the Cholas in order to counter the latter's revival. You have subscribed to: Remember that you can always manage your preferences or unsubscribe through the link at the foot of each newsletter. It is usually used to tease short or tiny girls as well. [209], Nannul is a Chola era work on Tamil grammar. The dynasty's first capital was the city of Uraiyur (now Tiruchchirappalli). [62] Three diplomatic missions were sent to China in 1016, 1033, and 1077. The Chola Empire was at its peak and achieved imperialism under the Medieval Cholas in the mid-9th century CE. [115] It played a vital role in the expansion of the empire, including the conquest of the Ceylon islands and naval raids on Srivijaya. creative tips and more. The temples acted not only as places of worship but also as centres of economic activity, benefiting the community as a whole. [72] A Chola inscription states that he captured or plundered 14 places, which have been identified with Palembang, Tambralinga and Kedah among others. The best example of this can be seen in the form of Nataraja the Divine Dancer. [47], The Western Chalukya Empire under Satyashraya and Someshvara I tried to wriggle out of Chola domination from time to time, primarily due to the Chola influence in the Vengi kingdom. Guadalupe (Spanish origin) has a beautiful meaning 'mother of god'. [j] Roman ships found their way into these ports. Life. It is quite a great name. Contribution (s) Vijayalaya Chola. [54] Rajendra CholaI built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram to celebrate his victories in northern India. Roman coins dating from the early centuries of the common era have been found near the Kaveri delta. The guilds described sometimes by the terms nanadesis were a powerful autonomous corporation of merchants which visited different countries in the course of their trade. Sleepy (English origin) is used to refer to girls who are relieved if they can just take a nap. The work Parpannamritam (17th century) refers to the Chola king called Krimikanta who is said to have removed the Govindaraja idol from the Chidambaram Nataraja temple. Best Cholo Names. [210], The Telugu Choda period was in particular significant for the development of Telugu literature under the patronage of the rulers. Virarajendra Chola defeated Someshvara II of the Western Chalukya Empire and made an alliance with Prince VikramadityaVI. [105] There was an expansion of the administrative structure, particularly from the reign of Rajaraja Chola I onwards. [84] He also defeated two Pandya princes one of whom was Maravarman Sundara Pandya II and briefly made the Pandyas submit to the Chola overlordship. Between 2 Oceans (2nd Edn): A Military History of Singapore from 1275 to 1971 by Malcolm H. Murfett, South India and Her Muhammadan Invaders by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar p.40-41, A Global History of Architecture by Francis D. K. Ching, Mark M. Jarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash p.338, Technology and Society by Menon R.V.G. Nicknames are simple ways to make people seem more personable. Your privacy is important to us. He also prayed before him before his embarking on war to regain the territories in and around Kanchi and Arcot from the waning Rashtrakutas and while leading expeditions against both Madurai and Ilam (Sri Lanka). . [127] The vellan-vagai villages fell into two broad classes- one directly remitting a variable annual revenue to the state and the other paying dues of a more or less fixed character to the public Perez is quite a beautiful name that means 'to blossom'. He also pronounced that the great temples of Shiva and the Ranganatha temple were to be the Kuladhanam of the Chola emperors. Gabriela (Hebrew origin) means 'god of Strength'. The default format of this map would be . [50] Through their leadership and vision, Chola kings expanded their territory and influence. Mahavamsa, a Buddhist text written down during the 5th century CE, recounts a number of conflicts between the inhabitants of Sri Lanka and Cholas in the 1st century BCE.[16]. 848-891 AD. The Chola tradition of art spread and influenced the architecture and art of Southeast Asia. Kadal Pura is set during the period when Kulothunga CholaI was in exile from the Vengi kingdom after he was denied the throne. [108][109][110] A number of kurrams constituted a valanadu. The guild was one of the most significant institutions of south India and merchants organised themselves into guilds. She was the only daughter of the Chola king Parantaka II and queen Vanavan Mahadevi. Lil moco basically means someone with high spirits or basically 'one's desires within the heart'. The Cholas were one of the dynasties with the . Education in the contemporary sense was not considered important; there is circumstantial evidence to suggest that some village councils organised schools to teach the basics of reading and writing to children,[153] although there is no evidence of systematic educational system for the masses. Well send you tons of inspiration to help you find a hidden gem in your local area or plan a big day out. However, this is more of a direction to the Shaivite community by its religious heads than any kind of dictat by a Chola emperor. There were also local organisations of merchants called "nagaram" in big centres of trade like Kanchipuram and Mamallapuram. They were not swayed by the rise of Buddhism and Jainism as were the kings of the Pallava and Pandya dynasties. This does not influence our choices. A girl with sapphire-colored eyes is mostly called by this name. Along with Pandyas and Cheras, Chola history goes back to the period when written records were scarce. It means they ruled for a time close to 1500 years, which makes them one of the oldest and longest-ruling . Some scholars identify Kulothunga Chola II with Krimikanta Chola or worm-necked Chola, so called as he is said to have suffered from cancer of the throat or neck. [120] Particularly the famous Wootz steel, which has a long history in south India dating back to the period before the Christian era, seems also be used to produce weapons. It is quite an aesthetically pleasing name. [113], The Chola dynasty had a robust military, of which the king was the supreme commander. Sofa is quite a popular baby name across the globe. When it comes to nicknames, cholas tend to go by . [citation needed], Kaveripoompattinam on the coast near the Kaveri delta was a major port town. Committees like eri-variyam (tank-committee) and totta-variam (garden committees) were active as also the temples with their vast resources in land, men and money. [57][58][59] He also completed the conquest of the Rajarata kingdom of Sri Lanka and took the Sinhala king MahindaV as a prisoner, in addition to his conquests of Rattapadi (territories of the Rashtrakutas, Chalukya country, Talakkad, and Kolar, where the Kolaramma temple still has his portrait statue) in Kannada country. Mariana (Latin origin) means 'of Mars'. Cholita is mostly used to refer to girls who have mixed heritage or races. The Early Cholas were a Tamil kingdom of the Chola Dynasty - pre and post Sangam period (600 BCE-300 CE). Afterwards the records of the transaction was drawn up and attested by a number of witnesses who were either local magnates or government officers. In one such instance, the Chola king, Rajadhiraja Chola II, was able to defeat the Sinhalese, aided by their traditional ally, a confederation of five Pandya princes, and kept the control of Rajarata under Cholar rule. He adopted several names, including "Mummidi Chola," "Jayankond," and "Sivapadasekara. Did you know that the influence of Chola names extended even a little beyond China at its prime? [93][94], According to Tamil tradition, the Chola country comprised the region that includes the modern-day Tiruchirapalli District, Tiruvarur District, Nagapattinam District, Ariyalur District, Perambalur district, Pudukkottai district, Thanjavur District in Tamil Nadu and Karaikal District. Rosa (Latin origin) means 'rose'. in Local Questions & Answers. The fortifications were mostly made up of bricks but other materials like stone, wood and mud were also used. [202], Kamban flourished during the reign of Kulothunga III. La Blue Eyes is quite a self-explanatory name. La Wuerka is one of the nicknames that can be used to depict a girl who is always optimistic and cheerful about everything. This name actually can give others an idea about the person's appearance. [147] The farmers occupied one of the highest positions in society. [26] However, there was little in common between the local chiefdoms of the earlier period and the imperial-like states of Rajaraja Chola and his successors. [181] The Chola school of art also spread to Southeast Asia and influenced the architecture and art of Southeast Asia. There was a class of hired day-labourers who assisted in agricultural operations on the estates of other people and received a daily wage. Often, nicknames come from things about the person that stand out such as their hair, height, or personality. [136], The farmers occupied one of the highest positions in society. [227][228] Historian Nilakanta Sastri identifies Krimikanta Chola with Adhirajendra Chola or Virarajendra Chola with whom the main line (Vijayalaya line) ended. Smiley, Joker, Clumsy, Shy Girl. La Muerte (Spanish origin) means 'death'. [116][117] According to the ancient Tamil text Silappadikaram, the Tamil kings defended their forts with catapults that threw stones, huge cauldrons of boiling water or molten lead, and hooks, chains and traps. We try our very best, but cannot guarantee perfection. In the mid-ninth century the family came to dominate the region, building an empire that would last more than four hundred years. Chola Dynasty (9th-13th Century) The Cholas formed one of three ruling families in Tamil-speaking south India during the first two centuries CE. The best known of these were the Manigramam and Ayyavole guilds who followed the conquering Chola armies. [241], There were stage productions based on the life of Rajaraja Chola during the 1950s and in 1973 Sivaji Ganesan acted in a screen adaptation of a play titled Rajaraja Cholan. Report as inappropriate. These words They were also well known for their patronage to art. It only has two syllables and is easy to pronounce as well. Difficult. . He integrated his empire into a tight administrative grid under royal control, and at the same time strengthened local self-government. [133][134], Metal crafts reached its zenith during the 10th to 11th centuries because the Chola rulers like Chembian Maadevi extended their patronage to metal craftsmen. Answer (1 of 2): According to one account, Queen Chola Devi, whose husband had been blessed by the Goddess of Wealth, Mahalakshmi, the Consort of Lord Vishnu had to incur the wrath of the Goddess when she came in disguise whom she neglected. 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